The news: An international consortium of medical experts has introduced the first official standards for clinical trials that involve artificial intelligence. The move comes at a time when hype around medical AI is at a peak, with inflated and unverified claims about the effectiveness of certain tools threatening to undermine people’s trust in AI overall.
What it means: Announced in Nature Medicine, the British Medical Journal, and the Lancet, the new standards extend two sets of guidelines around how clinical trials are conducted and reported that are already used around the world for drug development, diagnostic tests, and other medical interventions. AI researchers will now have to describe the skills needed to use an AI tool, the setting in which the AI is evaluated, details about how humans interact with the AI, the analysis of error cases, and more.
Why it matters: Randomized controlled trials are the most trustworthy way to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of a treatment or clinical technique. They underpin both medical practice and health policy. But their trustworthiness depends on whether researchers stick to strict guidelines in how their trials are carried out and reported. In the last few years, many new AI tools have been developed and described in medical journals, but their effectiveness has been hard to compare and assess because the quality of trial designs varies. In March, a study in the BMJ warned that poor research and exaggerated claims about how good AI was at analyzing medical images posed a risk to millions of patients.
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