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Mastercard’s New Blockchain Is Interesting Because of What It Leaves Out

The credit card giant has given blockchain technology a big push toward the mainstream. Mastercard says its newly released API can immediately help banks and other businesses make payments across international borders faster at less cost. The move follows a similar one by IBM, which just launched its own cross-border payment system for nations in the South Pacific.

One big difference, though: Mastercard’s system won’t involve any cryptocurrency. It will handle the “clearing” of financial transactions—the process by which account balances are updated to reflect new transactions—and will register these updates on a distributed ledger. (See “Why Bitcoin Could Be Much More Than a Currency.”) The actual transfer of money, known as the settlement, will use Mastercard’s conventional system, based on local fiat currencies.

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IBM’s system will settle transactions by having its proprietary blockchain work in tandem with a second one, built by a nonprofit called Stellar. Stellar’s cryptocurrency, Lumens, will serve as the unit of value transferred between parties.

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What does it all mean? Mostly, it means it’s still early. IBM’s new payment system may use Stellar’s currency only temporarily; the company is eyeing an eventual transition to government-backed cryptocurrencies. It’s not clear when that will happen, though as I’ve recently reported, a number of central banks are testing this idea.

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