- Jonathan Abrams
- Created the Nets top social-networking site, where eight million people communicate with friends and friends of friends.
- Guido Appenzeller
- Started a Palo Alto, CA, firm to commercialize an encryption technology that uses a simple ID, such as an e-mail address, to ensure secure communications.
- Alyssa Apsel
- Adapts optical-communications technology to build receivers, transmitters, and interconnects that speed chip-to-chip communications within computers.
- Vadim Backman
- Found a way to spot colon cancer earlier than was previously possible
- Anuj Batra
- Leads one of the industrys top teams advancing ultrawideband wireless technology, which provides the high transmission speeds needed for streaming-media applications while consuming little power.
- Serge Belongie
- Created video software to analyze lab mice for adverse reactions to trial drugs.
- Yaakov Benenson
- He wants to replace physicians with molecular machines that diagnose and treat diseases with phenomenal precision.
- Vance Bjorn
- Partnered with fellow TR100 honoree Serge Belongie (see above) to found a Redwood City, CA, biometrics company that specializes in fingerprint recog-nition for computer access.
- Marcel Bruchez
- Cofounded Quantum Dot to market the new imaging tool to biologists and drug developers
- David Brussin
- Built a router that examines the content and source of messages passing through it.
- Vladimir Bulovic
- Uses organic and nanostructured semiconductors in devices such as light-emitting diodes, lasers, photodetectors, and chemical sensors.
- Mayank Bulsara
- Developer of strained silicon.
- J. J. Cadiz
- Invented a better approach to alleviating information overload.
- Dustin Carr
- Creates nanoscale silicon devices that can detect subatomic-scale movements.
- Selena Chan
- Designs nanotechnological tools to detect viruses, bacteria, and, for the first time, single molecules of DNA in medical samples.
- Tianqaio Chen
- Specializes in multiplayer fantasy and role-playing games.
- Aref Chowdhury
- Invented techniques at Bell Labs that enable higher-speed transmission of data over very long distances (up to 6,400 kilometers) within fiber-optic networks.
- Raffaele Colombelli
- Develops new types of quantum cascade microlasers with a variety of sensing and imaging applications.
- Martin Colpepper
- Builds the machines needed to make high-quality, low-cost nanofabrication a reality.
- Adrian Colyer
- Leads the effort to improve software quality and cut development costs.
- Yi Cui
- Demonstrated the possibility of building new structures using the basic ingredients of nanotech.
- LÆtitia Delmau
- Helped solve fundamental problems in nuclear-waste treatment
- Rebekah Drezek
- Develops photonic technologies that use targeted nanomaterials to detect, monitor, and treat breast and gynecologic cancers painlessly, and at a fraction of the cost of conventional approaches.
- Robert Drost
- Pioneered a wireless technology to eliminate the wired connections between closely spaced chips in computer systems.
- Ryan Egeland
- Slashed the cost of producing a DNA chip from hundreds of dollars to a few dollars by combining microfluidics, computer control, and novel electrochemistry.
- Michael Elowitz
- Combines existing genes to build artificial biological pathways, or "circuits," that operate inside cells.
- Robert Frederick
- Helping to lead Amazons transformation, with its own virtual vending machines.
- Tim Gardner
- Constructs computer models of cellular pathways in order to optimize bacteria for energy production and environmental remediation.
- Martha Gardner
- Created statistical models and design software to make materials development more efficient.
- Verena Graf
- Develops fuel cells that are practical for powering cars.
- Dan Gruhl
- Serves as chief architect for IBMs WebFountain system.
- Ali Hajimiri
- Developed an entire radar system, squeezed into a single chip
- Yu Han
- Synthesized nanoscale particles with tiny, precisely defined pores.
- Stefan Hecht
- Devised a new class of polymer nanotubes and other molecular building blocks. These novel materials have potential applications in the fabrication of nanosized electronic devices.
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- Scott Heiferman
- Built a database and developed software that would help people organize themselves.
- Michael Helmbrecht
- Fabricates microscopic, deformable mirrors on computer chips that perform image correction for medical imaging, surveillance, and other applications.
- Aaron Hertzmann
- Combines machine learning and graphics to capture the motion of actors, dancers, and athletes -- and to generate realistic animations for films and video games.
- Colin Hill
- Aims to more than double human trials success rate by virtually prescreening drugs in computer models of human cells.
- Kurt Huang
- Launched a startup developing micropayments technology that allows artists, small businesses, and others to charge fees of as little as one cent for access to online content.
- Darrell Irvine
- Crafts nanoparticles that would release chemicals inside the body to "program" immune cells to combat viral infections like HIV, to tolerate transplants, or even to destroy malignant tumors.
- Rustem Ismagilov
- Develops microfluidics technologies that use tiny droplets to characterize the function and structure of proteins and to model complex biochemical processes.
- Albena Ivanisevic
- Uses microscopic tips to deposit precise patterns of peptides directly onto tissues in the body.
- Ari Juels
- Improved the security and privacy of radio frequency identification tags, as well as cryptographic tools for authentication systems.
- Ravi Kane
- Created a highly potent anthrax treatment in which each drug molecule blocks multiple toxin molecules rather than just one.
- Shana Kelley
- Builds nanoscale electrochemical and electrical sensors to detect medically relevant gene sequences and proteins.
- Richard Kent
- Produces biomechanical data vital to the design of air bags and auto safety systems.
- Kinneret Keren
- Exploits biology-based self-assembly to build molecular electronics. She created a self-assembled molecular-electronic device -- a carbon nanotube transistor -- using a DNA template.
- Gloria Kolb
- Devised a way to remove kidney stones more cost effectively and less invasively by taking advantage of the ureters tendency to dilate around foreign objects.
- Andre Kulzer
- Created a thermodynamic simulation that showed the feasibility of gasoline direct injection, which lowers auto fuel consumption and emissions and eliminates the electric starter.
- Jörg Lahann
- Designed an electrically switchable surface coating that can alternate between attracting and repelling water.
- Eric C. Leuthardt
- Showed that a patient could achieve real-time control of a computer via electrodes placed on the brains surface.
- Golan Levin
- Explores the artistic implications of information technology.
- Jamie Link
- Etched optical bar codes into micrometer-size pieces of silicon. She hopes to use the technology to detect pollutants in water or cancerous cells within the body.
- David Liu
- Applies evolutionary principles to synthetic molecules by linking starting materials to DNA strands.
- Yueh-Lin (Lynn) Loo
- Invented nano transfer printing
- Frank Lyko
- Aims to reprogram cancer cells to be more like normal cells by developing compounds that block the aberrant modification of DNA in cancer cells.
- Massimo Marchiori
- Develops more efficient ways of identifying, finding, and retrieving information on the Web.
- Wojciech Matusik
- Creates 3-D television and related 3-D photo and video systems that weave together images from multiple cameras.
- Tyler McQuade
- Creates catalysts to reduce the number of steps needed to synthesize drugs, diminishing environmentally hazardous by-products.
- Lauren Meyers
- Helped public-health officials control epidemics of walking pneumonia and SARS with sophisticated mathematical models that predict how a disease will spread through networks of human interactions.
- Ananth Natarajan
- Bridging the gap between research and patient care.
- Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Facilitated noninvasive optical imaging of proteins and other molecules in the body, which could lead to ultraprecise diagnosis of cancer and other diseases.
- James OBrien
- Invented algorithms for simulating natural phenomena such as splashing water and explosions, for use in movies, video games, and advanced training simulations.
- Teri Odom
- Patterned silicon to create minuscule "beakers" that hold only zeptoliters.
- Leroy Ohlsen
- Replaced fuel cells plastic membranes with porous silicon.
- Nuria Oliver
- Constructs more-intuitive human-computer interfaces.
- Shayn Peirce
- Models how individual cells in tissues migrate, multiply, and develop during processes such as blood vessel growth. The models should aid tissue engineering and drug development.
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- Maria Petrucci-Samija
- Created materials that might soon make such integrated photonic circuits possible.
- Ramesh Raskar
- Built large computer display systems that seamlessly combine images from multiple projectors.
- Jennifer Rexford
- Created tools for monitoring and automatically managing Internet traffic on large networks.
- Sokwoo Rhee
- Designed extremely-low-power wireless-sensor networks.
- Shad Roundy
- Built tiny generators for wireless sensor networks that convert low-level background vibrations into electricity, eliminating the need for batteries.
- Cristoph Schaffrath
- Discovered an enzyme that could enable environmentally benign production of fluorine-containing compounds such as Teflon and Prozac, which are now made via noxious chemical processes.
- Jesse Schell
- Invents new forms of digital visualization.
- Kees Schep
- Helped develop blue-laser optical-disc storage systems with much greater capacity than todays DVDs. The discs are now being introduced commercially.
- Erik Scher
- Works on inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials.
- Monisha Scott
- Determined how small, natural proteins boost the immune response.
- Chaitail Sengupta
- Oversees the architecture of the communications chips used in advanced cellular systems now coming to market.
- Vikram Sheel Kumar
- Developed interactive software that motivates patients to manage chronic diseases such as diabetes and AIDS.
- Pierre Sillard
- Devised a software modeling tool that enabled him to design complex optical fibers now being manufactured for use in very-high-capacity communications systems.
- Simeon Simeonov
- Left software engineering to engineer startups.
- Charlotte Skourup
- Employed "augmented reality" technologies
- Christina Smolke
- Fine-tunes the activity of individual genes via an adaptable technology
- Molly Stevens
- Shown that she can control the behavior of gold nanoparticles.
- Michael Strano
- Arrived at a new understanding of carbon nanotube surface chemistry.
- Kahp-Yang Suh
- Came up with the first method that allows researchers to pattern proteins and cells directly onto glass or plastic surfaces or within microfluidic channels without complicated preparation.
- William Taylor
- Spearheads efforts to commercialize the "plasmatron," a pollution control device that converts diesel fuel to hydrogen, cutting nitrogen oxide emissions by up to 90 percent.
- Mena Trott
- Mena developed a simpler user interface which allows bloggers to create links to other pages by clicking and dragging items on-screen.
- Ben Trott
- Developed Movable Type.
- Olga Troyanskaya
- Devised sophisticated and accurate computer algorithms for analyzing data generated using DNA microarrays.
- Srinidhi Varadarajan
- Conceived and built the worlds third-fastest supercomputer
- Smruti Vidwans
- Development of drugs to assist in the battle against TB.
- Lei Wang
- Expanded the genetic code in order to allow living cells to incorporate new, unnatural building blocks into the proteins that they make.
- Sandra Waugh Ruggles
- Uses clever testing schemes to determine which protein- slicing enzymes make the cut as potential drugs.
- Min Wu
- Devised ways to hide digital watermarks in financial statements and other electronic documents to authenticate records, prevent fraud, and deter unauthorized distribution.
- Tsuyoshi Yamamoto
- Demonstrated the first-ever two-qubit logic gate in a solid-state device, an advance crucial to building an ultrafast quantum computer.
- Shu Yang
- Designs "smart" photonic devices for lightning-fast computers and communications networks.
- Qian Zhang
- Improved roaming between cellular networks
- Yuankai Zheng
- Simplified the production of magnetic RAM
- Xiaowei Zhuang
- She has filmed a single influenza virus infecting a cell.
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology