From the Labs: Biomedicine
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Heart Repair
Patients’ own bone marrow cells help relieve chest pain.
Source: “Intramyocardial bone marrow cell injection for chronic myocardial ischemia: a randomized controlled trial”
Jan van Ramshorst et al.
Journal of the American Medical Association 301: 1997-2004
Results: Three months after being injected with cells derived from their own bone marrow, patients with reduced blood supply to the heart muscle–a condition known as ischemic heart disease–had better blood flow to the heart, less chest pain, and better exercise capacity.
Why it matters: Previous studies testing the benefits of bone marrow cells on different types of heart disease have shown mixed results. This study is the first to show an improvement in blood flow, and it suggests that this type of cell therapy may be more effective in people with chronic heart conditions, such as angina, than in those who have suffered heart attacks.
Methods: Scientists extracted 80 milliliters of bone marrow from each patient and isolated mononuclear cells–a mix of stem cells and progenitor cells. Then they injected either a solution of these cells or a placebo into the heart muscle. After three months, the scientists used magnetic resonance imaging and other methods to assess blood flow to the heart. They also measured patients’ ability to exercise comfortably for a specified time and assessed their quality of life.
Next steps: The researchers are trying to determine which of the different cell types in bone marrow have the greatest benefit and how they improve blood flow–for example, by encouraging the growth of new blood vessels or improving the health of existing ones.
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