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Who's Typing Your Password?

By watching how passwords are entered, a company hopes to make log-ins more secure.

By Erica Naone

Thursday, July 16, 2009

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Passwords can be one of the weakest links in online security. Users too often choose one that's easily guessed or poorly protected; even strong passwords may need to be combined with additional measures, such as a smart card or a fingerprint scan, for extra protection.

Credit: Technology Review

Delfigo Security, a startup based in Boston, has a simpler solution to bolstering password security. By looking at how a user types each character and by collecting other subtle clues as to her identity, the company's software creates an additional layer of security without the need for extra equipment or user actions.

The software, called DSGateway, can be combined with an existing authentication process. As a user enters her name and password, JavaScript records her typing pattern along with other information, such as her system configuration and geographic location. When the user clicks "submit," her data is sent to the Web server and, provided that the username and password are correct, the additional information is passed on to Delfigo. The company's system then evaluates how well this information matches the behavior patterns of the appropriate authorized user.

Delfigo's algorithms build up a profile of each user during a short training period, combing 14 different factors. The company's president and CEO, Ralph Rodriguez, developed the necessary algorithms while working as a research fellow at MIT. Rodriguez notes that recording multiple factors is crucial to keeping the system secure without making it unusable. If the user types a password with one hand, for example, while holding coffee in the other, the system must turn to other factors to decide how to interpret the variation, he says. If she does this every morning, the system will learn to expect to see this behavior at that time of day.

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The idea that a password should completely succeed or completely fail "is an old paradigm that should go away," says Rodriguez. Even if the system sees something strange about the way that a user enters her password, for example, it just assigns a confidence level to that log-in attempt. Access levels can be configured depending on this confidence level. For example, if a user logs in from an odd location, lowering the system's confidence, it might allow her to see her account balance but restrict the funds that she is able to transfer. If the user needs to increase her confidence factor at that moment, Rodriguez says, she could answer additional security questions or have a one-time password sent to her mobile phone or via e-mail.

Comments

  • [no subject]
    Very interesting.  Sounds really secure, but I do agree with Adida that until we see how difficult it is to replicate the profiles, it'll be hard to say if the software is any more effective than existing security devices/software. 
    Rate this comment: 12345

    laura42382
    07/16/2009
    Posts:2
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    4/5
  • authentication by keystroke typing
    I and some others explored this in the 1970s, and published the results here:
    http://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R2526/

    The issue then was whether the clocks on computers would be accurate enough (a problem of what is called "interrupts").  Probably not an issue now.

    A significant advantage is that the user can be continuously reauthenticated every time he or she types. Also, the statistics of user keystroke timing can continuously be improved. So if someone else starts using your computer, it will be noticed.

    A problem: what happens when you hurt a finger?  Can you still log in?
    Rate this comment: 12345

    StockGaines
    07/17/2009
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  • Xtended lunch
    I wonder if it would still work after a business lunch with a couple bottle of wine???
    Rate this comment: 12345

    tabishop
    07/18/2009
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    3/5
  • Passwords are Passe....Lets drop the password

    Arrggg…ARE WE BRAIN DEAD?

    The existing user id / password system is an ancient method that was developed for fixed computer systems such as servers, desktops and people needed mobility of account access and people had just one or two accounts to manage.

    It is totally a different situation today… People register to tens and possibly hundreds of accounts in their short online lifetime.

    And having to define a different user id and password for each of these accounts is simply crazy to expect. And then to give away my mothers maiden name, pets name, my favorite restaurant, etc to a online website that can get hacked can not only compromise my online accounts but also my real accounts such as bank accounts where these are used many a time.

    IT IS SCARY…..

    I have not used social networking sites much and have switched from one to another regularly. I was on orkut, then got bored and switched to LinkedIn which sounded more professional and now use FaceBook regularly and come to think of it, I use the same password for all of these.

    IT IS EVEN MORE SCARY NOW….

    And this thought did not cross me now…it happened many months ago when the AOL story broke out and I wondered if there is a solution for this. And then I realized that the solution is not stronger password or having to tell the computer to remember it for me or to use my mother’s maiden name to recover it.

    THE SOLUTION IS TO JUST DUMP THE PASSWORD……IT IS NO LONGER NEEDED.

    Today’s USER AUTHENTICATION system is developed for DESKTOP COMPUTING not for CLOUD COMPUTING where people exchange information between each other more regularly.
    Today, the computer is mobile be it the NetBook or your Smart Phone. You carry it where you go and with pervasive mobile internet connectivity, you can get connected from anywhere using Wi-Fi, or GPRS or EDGE.

    SO PLEASE INTERNET SECURITY EXPERTS…..WAKE UP…WE ARE NO LONGER STUCK TO A DESKTOP. AND HENCE NOT NEED TO USE A USER ID/PASSWORD TO ACCESS OUR ACCOUNTS FROM A DIFFERENT COMPUTER. WE OWN A NETBOOK OR AN IPHONE FROM WHICH WE DO MOST OF OUR ONLINE ACCESS OR WORK EXCEPT FOR WHEN WE ARE WORKING IN OUR OFFICES WHERE THE COMPANY SPENDS ZILLIONS ON SECURITY ANYWAYS.

    IBM had thought of a password free system many years back….they also filed a prior art on this.

    http://www.priorartdatabase.com/IPCOM/000039794/

    Others have followed… http://www.kirit.com/A%20simpl.....eb%20sites

    And I have filed my own patent for EasySecured which offers a unique, simpler and completely SECURED way to achieve the same concept.

    ISNT THIS AMAZING……NO PASSWORD TO REMEMBER, NO PASSWORD STORED ANYWHERE AWAITING TO BE HACKED?

    IF PASSWORDS ARE NOT STORED ON THE SERVER OR YOUR COMPUTER, THERE IS NO WAY HACKERS CAN HACK INTO ONLINE ACCOUNTS.

    AM I CRAZY? HOW DOES ONE AUTHENTICATE AN ACCOUNT IF THERE ARE NO PASSWORDS?

    The solution is downright SIMPLE, your computer is your password. By this I mean not just a desktop, your netbook, your laptop, your smartphone, IPHONE anything that is a computer. YOU ARE NOT STUCK TO A SINGLE COMPUTER.

    Your online account will open only from the computers you have registered to access. You do not have to define a password or remember it. Only your User ID which is like the PIN number of your Credit Card and which will work only from your computer or the computers you allow it to work.

    ONCE AGAIN …..NO PASSWORD…. IS STORED IN YOUR COMPUTER…. OR THE HOST SERVER.

    The password is a unique signature derived from the various parts of your computer mashed up using a patent pending technology that is generated real time every-time you try to login to you account from the registered computer.

    The server authenticates by decrypting your user account details using this real-time generated password and granting you access to your account.

    Hackers rely on stored user id and password on servers to hack accounts. In this case only your user id is stored on the server encrypted a real time generated password that is stored NOWHERE.

    IF a hacker has to gain access to your online account, he or she has to also gain access to your computer or IPHONE or NetBook along with your original User ID.

    As every User ID and critical user information such as credit card numbers etc are encrypted using a unique key generated by a physical device, there is NO WAY HACKERS CAN HACK INTO ONE ACCOUNT AND GET THE KEY TO HACK THE REST OF THE ACCOUNTS ON THE SERVER.

    I have been working on this idea and concept for months and only need industry support to make this a reality and ONCE AND ON FOR ALL PUT AN END TO THE VULNERABILITY OF ONLINE ACCOUNTS.

    You can twitter me @gurudatts to know more about this or email me.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    gurudatts
    07/20/2009
    Posts:4
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  • gurudatts
    gurudatts, Quite the advertisement for your patent.

    You have a patent for an idea you believe in, yet rather than do something with it yourself you post a plea for other more capable programmers to implement your idea.  Of course you can then turn around and sue them to gather your free money from their hard work like a parasite that can't gather food for itself but rather relies on a much more capable host.

    Furthermore, you are a fool if you think that your concept for a passwordless system is hacker proof. Such hyperbole is the hallmark of a con-artist. Everything is hackable, that is almost a rule of nature, just some things are more difficult than others. The system you describe is not even very secure. Lets assume for a moment that I am correct and that your system gets hacked. That means that the hacker now has a means to access secure sites from each and every computer that she gains access to by generating her own passcodes. The hacker does not need to lurk and catch a password, they can just generate one automatically from the zombied computer. Now I admit it would be difficult and take some knowledge and skill to do that, but with the payback of instant and unlimited secure site access from all the hackers zombified computers I can almost guarantee that someone, somegroup or some country will make the effort.

    Rate this comment: 12345

    thornfoot
    07/21/2009
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    • Re: gurudatts
      Hello,

      I appreciate your critical review of my post but it is quite misguided. I have been working my ass off on developing a prototype and been a career programmer for past 18 years and have will be soon launching products based on my patent.

      With regards to your inference that everything is hackable. I agree with you there is no question about that. But my solution will make it that much more difficult as you rightly put it.

      IF your computer is hijacked then there is no doubt nothing is secure at your end. But you are completely missing the point I was making.

      I am proposing a solution where there is no password and if at all there is it is not stored anywhere but generated real time to unlock the door to your account everytime you sign in.

      This means many things. For one someone cannot give a select userid, password from citibank_db and then go about hacking account because this syntax will give an error with my solution...There is no password field.

      We can keep brainstorming...on this
      Rate this comment: 12345

      gurudatts
      07/22/2009
      Posts:4
      Avg Rating:
      3/5
  • [no subject]
    It's fairly simple to compromise a desktop machine. That is how botnets get so large. This no-password idea doesn't sound too secure.  I do like the weighted multi-factor approach described in this article though.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    futurist_203...
    09/05/2009
    Posts:7
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    4/5
  • We've seen this kind of thing before
    at least in "speculative fiction" (I don't recall the specific story, but it's out there)...

    The scenario I recall was the computer system which monitored the input keystroke sequence as opposed to passively comparing the resulting string to a password table -- specifically with the ability to notice that this particular user always embedded a backspace key at some predictable point. Backspace and delete keys, and external "mouse-click" cursor repositioning techniques (click in the middle, insert some text, click at the end) would never show up in the final resulting string, so impersonation in this case would require dynamic monitoring, not passive interception. Quite secure. In particular, keystroke loggers would curl up and choke attempting to correlate "Dynamic Repositioning Embedments, Cursor Knowledge". I'd buy it. Unfortunately, since this qualifies as publication into the public domain, patenting this particular DRECK is probably compromised now.

    As far as the concept of capturing a supposedly "unique" signature from multiple elements of a given system, you're running neck-and-neck, patent-wise, with Microsoft's "Genuine Advantage" near-fiasco -- personally, considering the average public response to THAT approach to 'verification' (which is VERY much similar to what you're describing), I'd suggest you avoid courting any Venture Capital types who have ever attempted to maintain a Microsoft Operating System on a potentially-changing personal computer -- whoa, bang!!! Oops. Sorry, bubble burst.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    flared0ne
    09/08/2009
    Posts:40
    Avg Rating:
    3/5
    • Re: We've seen this kind of thing before
      But, all things considered, what I think I'm saying is that your idea has in fact been published into the public domain, some years ago. So your patent stands a fairly good chance of not being exactly "bullet-proof".

      You have to love science fiction writers -- they generate some of the wildest "actually feasible" concepts, then give them away for free as part of telling some story. Darn.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      flared0ne
      09/08/2009
      Posts:40
      Avg Rating:
      3/5

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