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A Carbon-Free, Stackable Rental Car

Continued from page 1

By Michael Patrick Gibson

Thursday, November 01, 2007

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Another business model that the team has looked at is the Zip Car rental system.

Zip Car is a rental service based on a two-way model: customers have to return the car to the same location from which they picked it up. They also have to reserve cars online in advance.

The MIT team says that the Zip Car two-way model is great for neighborhoods where people have to boomerang in and out to run errands. But in a dense city starved for parking, the MIT designers see great virtue in their one-way system, which lets people move from spot to spot without returning to their point of origin. In the ideal City Car scheme, vehicles can be rented from one rack and returned to another.

Still, Robin Chase, the founder and former CEO of Zip Car, has some reservations about the MIT group's system. She says that she's worried about logistical and operational problems, such as the even distribution of vehicles. With a one-way model, too many could wind up in one location. The company must then pay for trucks to redistribute the cars or scooters throughout the city.

Chase adds that when she was with Zip Car, she noticed that customers were reluctant to adopt new technologies. "Our electric car was our least rented vehicle," she says. "People didn't seem to trust the technology."

The MIT team is not deterred. It's looking at Taipei as an ideal location in which to roll out the electric scooter, which was developed in partnership with SYM, a major Taiwanese scooter manufacturer. "Taipei is teeming with scooters," says Ryan Chin, a designer with the Smart Cities group.

Currently, there are nearly as many scooters in Taiwan as there are people. During a typical rush hour, traffic lanes overflow, and riders wear surgical masks to filter the pollution from exhaust. Some three million scooters lie abandoned throughout the country.

"If a shared scooter is used by 10 different people a day, you'll reduce the number of scooters on the road by half," Chin says.

With a successful run at the Milan motorcycle show, Chin says that his group's 50-kilogram scooter could be mass-produced and deployed within three years.

Comments

  • >>> Sorry, but, it's NOT a good idea >>>
    .

    the "foldable" city car surely IS an original idea (good to have a large press coverage...) but can't solve the REAL problem of that kind of cars

    the electric city cars need to have a VERY LOW COST to succeed

    the "foldable" system adds some mechanical complexity to that cars (and to its maintenance...) so, it can only increase its price

    save a three feet of space on parking is not a so big advantage that can justify the increase of complexity and costs

    .
    Rate this comment: 12345

    Gaetano Mara...
    11/01/2007
    Posts:114
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    2/5
    • Re: >>> Sorry, but, it's NOT a good idea >>>
      The cost wouldn't kill the idea, if the car lasted long enough. A lot of people come into the city and this would be perfect for them.

      I don't think many people like taxi rides, bus or subway. This would be a nice private way to see the city.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      asdar
      11/01/2007
      Posts:69
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      4/5
  • He must be raking in the licensing fees.
    I just think that "Peter Schmitt, designer of the wheel," is a really great line to take out of context. :)
    Rate this comment: 12345

    Monsterboy
    11/01/2007
    Posts:87
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    4/5
  • City folks
    2 issues:
    1) Crash survivability - would it even get
    one star? Its not allowed on streets with speed
    limits over 30mph?

    2) Nice of them to export the pollution to the suburbs.  The electricity comes out of this socket and does not pollute. How BLONDE!
    Push for building some Nuclear power plants, or
    perhaps make the Kennedys allow wind mills of the Boston coast (MIT students).  When this is powered by coal fires in the suburbs, it is classic city dwellers exporting problems to the countryside.
      Maybe add solar panels to them all.

    A little more on nuclear:
    http://www.theconservativevoice.com/articles/article.html?id=29003
    Rate this comment: 12345

    SirLanse
    11/01/2007
    Posts:42
    Avg Rating:
    4/5
    • Re: City folks
      I definitely agree. I don't think the car will withstand any crash. It's just too flimsy.
      In addition, the problem of the electricity supply still has to be sorted out.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      vikramgulati...
      11/04/2007
      Posts:7
      Avg Rating:
      3/5
      • Re: City folks
        The safety issue is not a problem as long as the gas pig SUV are outlawed from city streets.  At any rate they would be safer than motorcycles and with 40 KPH limit to speed I would think an airbag and safety roll cage would protect the occupants.
        The efficiency is so much higher for EV's then gas powered vehicles the argument about where the energy will come from is almost laughable.  It would be except some people actually think there is a foundation for it.  The rental agency could put up roof top solar panels.
        Rate this comment: 12345

        Gypsy_EV
        11/05/2007
        Posts:15
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        3/5
  • Getting there
    I'm sat with a Japanese colleague here and he immediately saw the advantages. OK, so the US might not be ready to accept this, but nor was Britain and Europe ready for the Smart car when it was first released....now, one of the most popular cars on the road - why, because the eventual advantages and the foresight of at least reducing some of the disadvantages of personal transport were recognised and addressed.
    I see this as the perfect commuter transport and as for crash protection - again, I point you at the Smart car. The misconception that you need weight, inertia and thumping great sheets of steel to protect you in a crash is just plain wrong. The NCAP statistics show this over and over again. Good design, good quality control on the product and clever use of materials can win. OK, there might not be much left of the vehicle, but the safety compartment is left in tack and as with Race cars these days, the more energy that is dissipated through crumpling, the less energy is absorbed by the occupants.
    Also put this into context with regards fuel prices. People don't drive SUV's in the same numbers in the rest of the world (bar probably Australia and Canada to a degree) so there is a reduced chance of impact in the first place (look at the stats for crashes in SUV's vs cars)
    Anyway, I'm all for this, I think the addition of stackability is very interesting, especially when you see the eyes light up on my Japaese counterpart. As for me, living in South Boston and  parking up to a mile away from my home - I'd sign up for one today.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    trin0091
    11/01/2007
    Posts:1
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    5/5
  • LOL - what if you're the guy in the middle?
    Say you rent the thing for the day, park it somewhere and you get boxed in?

    I assume there would be some mechanism to just grab the first car in the line? What if you were shopping and had to leave some items in your vehicle?

    Lots of logistical things to be worked out, but looks like a step in the right direction.

    I've seen a company recently called ZipCars (www.zipcar.com) that does something like this - they have very small cars (Minis, smartCars, etc) set up in lots all over the city.. Make your reservation online, and pick up your car.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    DonAndrews
    11/01/2007
    Posts:6
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    3/5
    • RE: ZipCar
      Umm, did you read the entire article?  The 2nd page already talks about this.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      fastfilm
      11/01/2007
      Posts:2
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      3/5
    • Re: LOL - what if you're the guy in the middle?
      Like a luggage cart at an airport, you only return it to the "stack" when you're done with it. Otherwise, you park it like any other car.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      Tysto
      11/02/2007
      Posts:24
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      4/5
  • Hmmm...
    On paper, cars everyone shares and are all willing to stack are as good an idea as any.  Can we find any real-world sociological example from a post-iron age society of 50+ individuals where similar principals of sharing and communialism have succeeded?  I prefer development on the flying car myself.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    themangib
    11/01/2007
    Posts:4
    Avg Rating:
    1/5
    • Re: Hmmm...
      Ha!  Stackable, multi-person use is great, provided they all don't end up in the same popular destinations. 
      But flying cars??!!  They would have to be totally robotic with minimal input from the user.  Drivers of cars already have trouble with 2 dimensions, heaven help us if they have to maneuver in 3d space. Road rage? How about Air rage!  Flying isn't a video game.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      pondpilot777
      11/04/2007
      Posts:4
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      5/5
  • the problem is stuff
    Having a vehicle you can pick up and leave at the transit station is a neat idea, but one look at the back of most people's cars will show the problem with it.  Most people prefer their private vehicles because they have too much STUFF:  Shopping stuff, kids stuff, emergency stuff, sports stuff, even leftover dinner stuff.  Families have minivans for a reason - and it's not to impress the neighbours.

    For example, you go grocery shopping... how do you get the groceries from the parking stall to the train/bus/subway and then back at the other end.  If we didn't have any stuff to carry, the "last mile" would be a pleasant walk.  We typically have so much stuff with us, 50 yards is an ordeal.

    Get a private lockable vehicle, that can hold all our stuff, that we can take with us on the train, or link together to form a train, and you'll have something.  In our materialistic society, private cars are not really for transporting us - we're easy to transport - they are for transporting all the things we "need" with us.

        David...
    Rate this comment: 12345

    fixerdave
    11/01/2007
    Posts:5
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    • Re: the problem is stuff
      Your right, the problem is stuff, but the solution is not more stuff to move your stuff. I live in Tokyo, I do walk the last mile or two, just because it is enjoyable. I don't need 90% of the stuff you want to haul around 90% of the time. For the 10% of the time I need 10% of the stuff carying it is not that bad or take a taxi or foldable car, or get it delivered.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      ryuuguu
      11/01/2007
      Posts:15
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      3/5
      • Re: the problem is stuff
        Stuff, and thus acceptance of transit, is a culture thing.  This car isn't going to fix that.  If you don't have the stuff, you can walk or ride a bike.  You don't need a car for the last mile of transit.  Lots of people use transit instead of driving.  But, they're already using transit - this car isn't going to make them drive less.  The people that don't use transit aren't going to start because they have the option of a car at the other end.  Stuff is a door to door problem.  No, this car will not help significant numbers of people to start using transit, as advertised.

        Now, it may be really popular in places where parking is crazy, like some parts of Japan.  I could see people buying them for personal use just so they could park 2 in their home single-car spot.  I could see corporations running fleets of them so they could be packed together in a small place at the end of work.  Or, maybe budget rental kiosks for tourists - though range may be an issue.  But, as an adjunct to transit?  I don't see these cars doing anything useful.  Not in places where private cars are the problem.

        If you want to get people to use public transit instead of driving their cars, you have to solve their problems.  I blundered into city rush-hour while on a shopping trip last week.  I couldn't believe the traffic - and that people would actually choose to do that every day.  My first thought was "they're insane" but I expect if you asked any of them, they would have perfectly valid (to them) reasons why they're there, in their car, idling, rather than using available public transit.  My reason was stuff, I was picking up a bunch of heavy tools.  I'll bet stuff was the reason a lot of those other people were on the road too.

        You can talk about culture change all you want, but if last Friday was any indication, people have a very high tolerance for pain.  How are you going to change their behaviour, get them to change their culture?  These people are burning expensive gas, while idling in packed traffic, for an hour or more at a time, every day, day after day.  You are not going to force them to change; a stick isn't going to do it.

        I think you have to give them an easy alternative that will work for them in their current lives.  However, this folding electric car isn't it, not around here.

            David...
        Rate this comment: 12345

        fixerdave
        11/04/2007
        Posts:5
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        3/5
    • Re: the problem is stuff
      Ryuuguu is right. Fixerdave's argument is an old one that millions of strap-hangers demonstrate is bogus every day.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      Tysto
      11/02/2007
      Posts:24
      Avg Rating:
      4/5
    • Re: the problem is stuff
      In cities where transit is the norm (e.g., large cities in Germany and Japan) stores offer delivery service.  When you buy large stuff, you expect to have it delivered.  In airports in Japan, there are services that will deliver your baggage to your house while you take transit home, unencumbered.  One truck making 10 deliveries uses less energy and clogs the roads less than 10 private vehicles.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      chrs
      11/25/2007
      Posts:3
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      4/5
  • municipal bikes
    I don't know why the Lyon experience with their velo-v service got so much publicity.  We have such a system here in Barcelona, Spain and the issue of redistribution of the bikes is really a tough one. 

    I live outside Barcelona and go downtown perhaps once a week.  When I arrive about mid-morning, there is not a single bike to be found in none of the bike racks several blocks around the train station, even though there are several large racks just nearby.  On the other hand, once I  find a bike and take it, it is often hard to find an empty slot in any of the racks close to my destination, whichever that might be.

    The system is, indeed, quite a success and the number of bikes, bike racks and slots within them was greatly increased from what was planned at this stage.  I don't know whether (and would doubt) the number of shuffling trucks have been increased. 

    With bikes, the redistribution is quite easy.  A van, which also carries an air compressor for the tires and other items for maintenance (when it's not shuffling bikes around), pulls a small trailer which can carry about two dozen bikes, almost a full parking rack at once.  Even with this, bikes are not evenly distributed.

    The central system knows at all times the state of the racks.  Each customer has an RFID card and each bike also has an RFID chip close to the hook that latches it to the rack.  The bike has no other electronics, it is the racks that check the customer, unlatches the bike and then, on return, reads which bike was it.  So the central system knows which bike is in which slot at which rack, unless it is on the road.  It is not a matter of statistics, like occupancy rates and such, the central system knows exactly how the bikes are distributed, and still it can't quite cope.

    While the bike shuffling van can carry two dozen bikes at a time, I can't imagine the size of a truck capable of carrying any number of small cars, foldable or not.  Actually, I wouldn't fold them and load them but just tow them. (folded if you wish).  A towing vehicle should be planned that can pass by the side of a line of parked cars, stop just ahead and have the cars join at the end of the line autonomously and fast and, likewise, be able to drop them at other pick up stations fast and with minimum driver intervention.  The towed cars don't need to be able to drive themselves in traffic, the parking stations might have some guidance system the cars could use for this maneuvering and a traffic light may hold the traffic while the cars are joining or dropping out of the line.  The towing vehicle would not pull the cars but guide them through traffic, each under its own power.  Unless the pick up stations have recharging capabilities (coils under the pavement?), the tow vehicle might also provide recharging from an otherwise too expensive source to put one in each car (fuel cell, gas turbine burning some bio-fuel?).

    So, the car by itself is no solution if it is not within a system which can offer enough cars where they are needed.  Letting them pile up in the business district during working hours and at train stations at night is no good.  Redistribution is essential.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    satyam
    11/01/2007
    Posts:3
    • Re: municipal bikes
      Lyon's public bikes system got so much publicity because it rocks.

      So does Barcelona's bicing, for which I'm addicted.

      Yes, sometimes there are some problems of availability both to get and to deposit a bike, but overall, I think that the system is a major success. Absolutely all technologies need a certain time to polish defects, and users need to learn to live with them too. You can plan for gold and do nothing for ages. Even if the sytem has is drawbacks I think it was a total success to have it introduced.

      Regarding the redistribution issue. One thing we learned from the bikes is that definitively you need to dimension the network considering the 'migration' movements. For the specific issue of the stackable cars, a potential option would be to: (i) have an army of drivers, or (ii) more efficient, that the cars can be linked ina chain so that a single driver can move let's say 10 of them to a new location.

      On the other hand, I'd love to see a no-car city in the very early future. The folded cars are a good starting point get people used to it. Therefore, keep the good work!!
      Rate this comment: 12345

      pausoler
      11/02/2007
      Posts:1
      • Re: municipal bikes
        I didn't mean to imply the system is not good, quite the contrary, I am a very happy user even if I have to walk a little bit, but I usually don't go downtown with a tight schedulle so I have time to enjoy the walk and the biking so I am not the regular user who has to go everyday to the office and doesn't want to 'waste time' walking (for me, it is not a waste).

        My point is that a system without a means of redistributing the vehicles is no good.  If there is no redistribution, you don't need even half the passengers of the first rush hour train to arrive in the morning to wipe out all bikes several blocks around the station.
        Rate this comment: 12345

        satyam
        11/02/2007
        Posts:3
        • Re: municipal bikes
          The issue in Paris (which also has a bike rental system) is that most people take bikes in high areas, go down, and few people use them uphill...

          An approach was to offer free extra time for people going uphill. Which is not such a present, because while going up along the Pere Lachaise, it gets really upward!!!
          Rate this comment: 12345

          GuillaumeT
          02/27/2009
          Posts:1
          Avg Rating:
          5/5
          • Re: municipal bikes
            Hi, Paris and Barcelona have these "hill-issues". Could there be a small electrical motor (built-in-wheel) and battery charged at storage station.

            THEN, GPS tells where there is REAL uphill and only there motor can be used. (This is called anti-lazy man-protection-system ;) )

            Regards from Stockholm !
            Rate this comment: 12345

            tech2008view
            03/27/2009
            Posts:5
            Avg Rating:
            1/5
  • Spinning on the spot
    Whilst technically clever, I think the ability of to spin a car on the spot might result in a certain degree of carnage!
    Rate this comment: 12345

    weee
    11/02/2007
    Posts:34
    Avg Rating:
    3/5
    • Re: Spinning on the spot
      The same is true of the ability to drive 65 miles an hour.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      Tysto
      11/03/2007
      Posts:24
      Avg Rating:
      4/5
    • Re: Spinning on the spot
      You mean like kids playing who dares to pass through the tunnel while the car is folding, or curious toddlers getting their hands caught in the mechanism? 
      Rate this comment: 12345

      satyam
      11/03/2007
      Posts:3
  • What is the real problem you are addressing?
    We have tried for years to mitigate congestion by building wider roads - and it has never worked.  Won't making cars smaller simply allow more room for other cars to enter the roads?  There will still be people with sedans, suv's and trucks.  I can't see how a smaller car will alleviate congestion in any way.  I do like the idea of sharing cars and possibly reducing parking lot areas, but I wonder... are there people on this group examining policy proposals that would go hand in hand with this new technology? What if parking space costs were scaled with the size of the car? 
    Rate this comment: 12345

    jrdrum25
    11/03/2007
    Posts:1
    • Re: What is the real problem you are addressing?
      Yes, here in Stockholm we have congestion fees. But they are size neutral. Better to have a length/width/weight-algorithm. Would possibly make it 4 times more expensive to go in with a huge SUV.

      IF all cars in Sthlm. were the size of this described car (even without folding), the parking space would double.

      Regards!
      Rate this comment: 12345

      tech2008view
      03/27/2009
      Posts:5
      Avg Rating:
      1/5
  • A little Advice
    I really hope MIT people read these, because I want the to hear what I'm going to say.

    A couple of problems I found were that the "last mile"problem may still exist, and that you can't leave stuff in the car.  To the former, have the racks electronic and mobile.  Look at it this way: when you call an elevator, you press the button and wait for the elevator to come to the floor you are on.  Put a button in the car that calls a rack to you.  That way, you can drive the car to your house/apartment, push the button, and a rack comes in a minute.  Take your stuff out of the car, and watch it fold up, and drive away.

    To my latter problem, expand the back of the car and minimize the front.  I don't know if this is a two seater or a four seater, but make the bank triangular, with the hypotenuse as the back of the seat in front.  Or just don't stack the car while you are out shopping.

    As to the power problem, buy a desert somewhere and put a ton of solar cells there.  And get DARPA to finance it.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    Raistlin
    11/03/2007
    Posts:9
    Avg Rating:
    4/5
  • You didn't think your cunning plan all the way through
    How do you get your car out if it's sandwiched in the middle of a pack of these things?
    Rate this comment: 12345

    inboulder
    11/04/2007
    Posts:10
    Avg Rating:
    5/5
  • Energy generation ref. New Scientist
    Why not look ata below solution instead of polluting (yes, at the source) electricity?

    Metal 'muscles'

    Autonomous robots, micro-scale air vehicles, and prosthetic limbs are all supposed to operate for long periods without recharging or refuelling, making efficient energy supply crucial.

    Nature's choice is to provide chemical power for natural actuators like muscles. Human engineers have typically taken another route, relying on converting electrical energy into mechanical energy using motors, hydraulic systems, or piezoelectric actuators.

    This is much less efficient, meaning even the most athletically capable robot must be wired to a stationary power source for much of the time.

    The ideal solution is an artificial muscle that can convert chemical energy directly and efficiently into mechanical energy, says Ray Baughman a physicist at the NanoTech Institute at the University of Texas in Dallas, US.

    Baughman says he has built such a device made of a "shape memory" alloy of nickel and titanium. The metal is coated with a platinum catalyst and placed in a device that allows methanol to be drawn along the surface.

    Exposing the surface to air causes the methanol to be oxidised, which heats the alloy and makes it bend in a pre-determined way. Cutting off the methanol supply lets the alloy cool and causes the alloy to its original shape.

    Baughman says the device can generate stresses 500 times greater than human muscle and believes further significant improvements should be possible.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    Why
    11/05/2007
    Posts:1
  • Well, here is a possibility...
    Well, each rack might be like a hanger.  In your closet, you put clothes in and out efficiently by storing the clothes on hangers, so that they are all even, neat, and easy to find and remove.  The same principle may apply here.  Picture the rack moving the car out of the rest, then lowering it enough for the car to unfold.

    However, I am open to ideas on this one.  My way requires a lot of electricity, and possibly hydraulics.  Maybe that other guy with the chemical robots has the solution - you would only really need two positions for each hanger.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    Raistlin
    11/05/2007
    Posts:9
    Avg Rating:
    4/5
  • Only solves the problem at one end
    This would be nice if mass transport didn't quite make it to your destination, but it wouldn't help you if mass transport were not located near your home.  So you would still need a car, in which case it would almost certainly be cheaper just to drive your car directly to your destination.

    Let's face it: the main cause of global warming, pollution, dependency on foreign oil, habitat destruction, etc. is the suburban lifestyle, which involves long daily commutes (mostly alone), large houses, large cars, and walking/biking done exclusively for exercise/recreation.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    dmm
    11/05/2007
    Posts:191
    Avg Rating:
    3/5
  • electric stackable cars
    Brillant idea but not for parking evidently. The trick is to get electric quick charge stations from renewale energy or a battery manufacturer inteligent enough to develope a battery pack for quick plug-in and rapid disconnect allowing them to lease batteries fully charged. Takes responsability away from automobile mfg. which they can't rip you off for, and enables them to produce their electric cars NOW. Furthermore a profitable business for battery mfg. or independant enreprenures' interested in bringing new technical products to market with latest clean tecnology for generating power to charge batteries at night and selling power to the utilities during the day at good profit. 1)Spread the clean energy, devise profitability and quick return on investment. Battery people would have a vested interest in quality and preformance under controlled conditions without dependancy on fossel fuel. 2)0% pollution and ecology responsable. We the people need a break from petrol NOW please. Right on mass transit and local commodity vehicals that all can afford. With nano technology and capacitor banks capeable of quick charge maybe a drive through will be sofficient to recharge. So much is said and so little is done when confronted by the deep pocketed fossel fuel competition.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    tobeornot2b
    11/05/2007
    Posts:1
  • Great idea...
    That is a really good idea, having fast, battery-charging stations.  I am someone who does not like society's dependence on oil, and if rechargeable batteries is the future, that is fine with me.  I think a useful idea might be (I hope MIT people are reading this) to combine multiple forms of energy.  Create a big wind mill.  The add solar panels onto all of the blades.  Then attach a lightning rod to the top.  Think about it:
    1)Combines almost every clean energy source.
    2)Never really stops getting power - when it is sunny, solar cells collect, when it is windy, the actual windmill collects, and when it is dark and stormy, the lightning rod collects.
    3)Pretty efficient use of space.

    Just make sure you have a lot of wiring at the other end.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    Raistlin
    11/06/2007
    Posts:9
    Avg Rating:
    4/5
  • Great Idea - Mass Transit Fix
    This is a great and novel idea. Instead of parking your car in the garage, you just take the mass transit system (assuming one is available), use the Stackable, drop it at your office garage (charging station with attendant), go to work. Then reverse the process at lunch and end of day. There are parking attendants all over most city lots who can manage the 'stack'. Maybe mass transit will finally work!
    Rate this comment: 12345

    SkipStein
    11/14/2007
    Posts:1
  • [no subject]
    This would be great as in many suburban cities the jobs are all central yet it often takes an transfer from an express bus to a local and all of that fuss and time discourages people entirely. Express bus / train to avoid the freeway and just do 2 miles of city driving in this it would be great. Looks like it will be performing well with rocker arm shaft when using
    Rate this comment: 12345

    MickeyFouse
    04/29/2009
    Posts:47
    Avg Rating:
    1/5

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