Making Nanoelectronics for Displays

Continued from page 1

By Kevin Bullis

Tuesday, December 19, 2006

By making it possible to easily integrate dissimilar materials onto one surface, the method could lead to smaller, more compact devices. Many electronics and optoelectronics already rely on different types of materials to perform different functions. For example, a cell phone might use high-performance gallium-arsenide semiconductors to handle high-frequency radio signals, but it might also use less-expensive conventional silicon for data processing. In the past these couldn't be easily incorporated into a single chip. One option--mounting chips side by side on a circuit board--wastes space and makes it necessary to build long, performance-degrading connections between components. In other methods, such as building up layers of wafers or depositing different materials on the same chip, the temperatures used to process some materials can limit the sorts of materials that can be combined. This can also make it impossible to place the electronics on some types of flexible surfaces, such as polymers.

The method could have an impact on various aspects of the display industry. Today's flat-screen LCD televisions are made in enormous, expensive chambers in which the electronics that control individual pixels in the display are formed on large slabs of glass. Rogers says his technique could make it possible to form these electronics in smaller batches in less expensive machines. His process could then transfer the electronics section by section to the displays to cover the glass surface. The smaller batches would also make it possible to create higher-performance silicon in these electronics, Rogers says, which would improve the response time of LCDs.

Improving LCDs is only the first step. Rogers says the technique could make it feasible to build televisions using bright and colorful light emitting diodes (LEDs) of the type used in the enormous screens at sports arenas. Because the printing method would make it easier to integrate the materials needed, the LEDs could be much smaller and more tightly packed than these large-format displays. And since the printing technique can make high-performance devices on flexible substrates, it could pave the way to roll-up LED displays.

The ability to print onto a curved surface could also make it possible to mimic the compact structure of the human eye, which could lead to smaller night-vision equipment, Rogers says.

Semprius, a University of Illinois spin-off based in Research Triangle Park, NC, has an exclusive license on the technique. Much work remains to be done to demonstrate that the device can scale up from making a handful of devices to reliably making millions for displays and night-vision systems. But Takao Someya, professor of engineering at the University of Tokyo, says that unlike past methods, which have been stymied by costs, Rogers's method offers "an ideal solution."