Sky lab: Scientists from the University of California, San Diego, and Seoul National University will fly unmanned aerial vehicles downwind of Beijing to measure emissions reductions. The results will help climate researchers understand how pollution masks global warming.
Efforts to reduce pollution will let scientists see how the climate responds.
One of the most watched projects during the run-up to the 2008 Beijing Olympics, along with the construction of the Bird's Nest Stadium and the glowing Aquatics Cube, was the Chinese government's efforts to cut emissions by 60 percent in the city. It has been a colossal undertaking in an area where air-pollution is five times higher than World Health Organization safety standards and smog can get so dense that it sometimes occludes the sun. The effort has involved ordering half of the city's cars off the roads and temporarily moving or closing dozens of steel mills, foundries, and factories across the capital.
But such a dramatic decrease in pollution could provide more than just healthier conditions for competing athletes. It may also afford scientists a rare opportunity to see how climate change responds to such a massive adjustment in emissions.
A team led by Veerabhadran Ramanathan, a climate and atmospheric scientist at the University of California, San Diego, will spend the next six weeks flying autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (AUAVs) downwind of Beijing to measure emissions reductions. "By cutting down on the pollution over Beijing during the Olympics, the Chinese have created a huge natural laboratory for understanding how pollution impacts climate," Ramanathan says. He and collaborators at Seoul National University, in South Korea, have packed an assortment of miniature instruments into 30-kilogram, three-metre-wide AUAVs and set up a research station on South Korea's Cheju Island, about 500 kilometers south of Beijing.
Using the island as their base, the researchers are flying the small aircraft in groups of three: over, under, and through the polluted plume as it travels past the island. Because different layers of wind carry air from different regions, and because the wind currents change direction, they can also sample air from other parts of China that have not implemented emissions cutbacks. "We fly up to 12,000 feet," Ramanathan says, "so I don't have to go anywhere. The mountain comes to Mohammed."
Manufacturing in the United States is in trouble. That's bad news not just for the country's economy but for the future of innovation.
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30 Comments
Coal and Clouds
Global Dimming is a fact. Lower evaporation rates are a feature of Global Dimming. The burning of coal, with no scrubbing, produces sulfuric acid molecules in atmospheric aerosols and that in turn reflects solar radiation. A percentage of the sulfuric acid pollution will degrade into stable methyl sulfate and contribute to cloud formation. The type of clouds formed by coal pollution, and the albedo of these clouds are another variable to the greenhouse gas equation.
The coal equation is in need of much more research. It is my personal opinion that Asian coal burning is affecting the West Coast Climate directly.
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