Every year, two million Americans contract infections in hospitals, and about 90,000 of them die as a result. Despite the severity of this quiet epidemic, physicians have no systematic way to quickly and effectively identify spreading hospital infections. Now a small but growing number of U.S. hospitals are adopting data-mining technologies widely used in other industries to alert doctors to problems they might otherwise miss.

One company helping hospitals connect the dots is MedMined of Birmingham, AL, which has sold its data analysis services to more than 80 hospitals since physician and computer scientist Stephen Brossette founded it in 2000. Hospitals transmit encrypted data from patient records and lab tests to MedMined, which then uses its data-mining algorithms to tease out unusual patterns and correlations. At first, only the most computerized and technologically savvy hospitals were interested, but "now we're seeing more of a mainstream push," says Brossette, the company's president and chief technology officer. One incentive: increased public scrutiny of hospital-acquired infections. Illinois, Pennsylvania, and Missouri have passed laws requiring hospitals to publicly reveal their infection rates, and similar bills are pending in Florida and California.