A music search engine that uses a novel technique to classify songs,will go into beta this week.

I wrote about the system a few months ago. It was designed by researchers from the University of California, San Diego, including assistant professor Gert Lanckriet. The researchers have trained the search using information contributed by Facebook users, via an application called HerdIt. The goal is to train the system to tag songs automatically--using statistical analysis applied to the waveform patterns that represent each song:

About 90 percent of the time, Lanckriet says, the system identifies patterns that are ordinarily hidden. For example, the patterns that identify a hip-hop song might include a typical hip-hop beat, but also elements that the listener wouldn't recognize as a pattern within the song. "On average, these automatic tags predict other humans' [tags] pretty much as accurately as a given human person can do," Lanckriet says.[...] He envisions a system that could take an unfamiliar song--from an independent band, or even something recorded in a user's garage--and then analyze it on the fly and suggest appropriate tags and similar music.

I'm looking forward to trying it out. See the video below for a more detailed explanation of the project.

Tone-deaf people--those who can't hold a tune--appear to be missing a specific neural circuit, according to research published today in the Journal of Neuroscience.

Researchers used a variation of MRI called diffusion tensor imaging to compare neural circuits--specifically those between the right temporal and frontal lobes--in the brains of people who are tone-deaf and those who are not.

According to a press release from the Society for Neuroscience, which published the research,

This region, a neural "highway" called the arcuate fasciculus, is known to be involved in linking music and language perception with vocal production.The arcuate fasciculus was smaller in volume and had a lower fiber count in the tone-deaf individuals. More notably, the superior branch of the arcuate fasciculus in the right hemisphere could not be detected in the tone-deaf individuals. The researchers speculated that this could mean the branch is missing entirely, or is so abnormally deformed that it appears invisible to even the most advanced neuroimaging methods.

Lately, when neurosurgeon Ali Rezai implants a deep brain electrode into a Parkinson's patient, he plays a special classical composition from the Cleveland Orchestra. The music isn't designed to keep him focused during surgery, but rather to explore the effect that it has on the brain. His patients, who are receiving an implant that helps alleviate the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, are awake during the surgery and can tell Rezai how the music makes them feel as he observes what it does to their brain.

"We know music can calm, influence creativity, can energize. That's great. But music's role in recovering from disease is being ever more appreciated," Rezai, director of the Center for Neurological Restoration at Ohio's Cleveland Clinic, told msnbc.com.

Prescription for helping brain injuries heal?
At Cleveland Clinic, Rezai and other neurosurgeons collaborate with The Cleveland Orchestra to compose classical pieces to play for patients during brain operations. Rezai then gauges how individual neurons fire when the head hears those foreign chords and cadences, and he compares that reaction to how the neurons behave when familiar songs fill the operating room. Hair-sized sensors placed in the brain translate those signals to an amplifier. Study results are expected in three to six months.

The firing of a neuron "may sound like static to some, but it's music to my ears," said Rezai. Patients tell him when the music soothes them, and Rezai can hear the corresponding changes in a single neuron. The research, he said, can serve as a keystone for other studies of music's potential in treating people with traumatic brain injuries, stroke, multiple sclerosis and severe depression.