With funding from DARPA the group decided to focus first on monitoring estrogen and other hormones because there appeared to be a gaping need. So far, they've shown that their sensors are capable of sensing estrogen, but are only accurate to the level of nanograms per milliliter. In order to be effective with a single finger prick, that sensitivity needs to be improved by an order of magnitude (to picograms per milliliter).

The combination of technologies being used by Aneeve is "quite compelling," says Jerome Lynch, an engineer at the University of Michigan. He notes that the company's innovation lies in integrating multiple technologies that others have explored individually. "And they're exploiting technologies that are cost-effective. When others have tried it, they've looked more at the proof-of-concept level, whereas [Aneeve] is looking more at commercial viability and scalability in the marketplace."

Nicholas Kotov, a nanotechnology and chemical engineer at the University of Michigan, agrees that it's the combination of numerous technologies that makes the project important. "The use of ink-jet printing technology for sensing, and particularly hormones, is interesting," he says.

Ultimately, the researchers hope to build a small device that can be plugged into a smart phone and can translate data from the carbon-nanotube sensor strips into a log that helps users, and their physicians, keep track of the information. At the moment, Aneeve's "lab" consists of little more than a bare benchtop inside the UCLA incubator facility. But use of the incubator's clean lab, printing, and other facilities has eliminated the need for the startup to purchase its own equipment. "Our next steps are to further optimize the sensing platform," Galatsis says, adding that they aim to have a working prototype in 18 months.