Technology Review - Published By MIT
Advertisement

Genes for Several Common Diseases Found

Continued from page 1

By Emily Singer

Thursday, June 07, 2007

smaller text tool iconmedium text tool iconlarger text tool icon

One of the earliest success stories to arise from genome-wide association has involved Crohn's disease, a painful intestinal disorder. Crohn's has a strong genetic component--someone with a sibling with the disease has a 30 percent increased risk of developing it. Several risk genes have already been uncovered, including a gene involved in inflammation.

The Wellcome study identified additional Crohn's genes, two of which were quite a surprise to scientists. They code for proteins involved in autophagy, a process by which a cell clears bacteria and other waste. "We had no reason to suspect autophagy to play a role [in Crohn's] before these results came out," says Miles Parkes, a gastroenterologist at the University of Cambridge, who confirmed the findings in a companion paper published today in Nature Genetics. "Now we know this pathway is very important to disease--it's another triumph for the hypothesis-free approach."

In another unexpected finding, scientists identified a gene that increases risk for type 1 diabetes and Crohn's disease, which are both autoimmune diseases. Scientists hope the newly discovered link between the two diseases will speed development of new treatments. "The pathways that lead to Crohn's disease are increasingly well understood and we hope that progress in treating Crohn's disease may give us clues on how to treat type 1 diabetes in the future," said John Todd, a researcher at the University of Cambridge, in a statement released by the Wellcome Trust. Todd led a companion study confirming the diabetes results published today in Nature Genetics.

Results from the Wellcome Trust follow those from several other studies released over the past few months, identifying genes linked to Crohn's, diabetes, and cancer. Additional studies involving large-scale genome tests are under way in the United States. They will likely identify new genetic variants and confirm those that have already been discovered.

In fact, according to the Wellcome study, even larger numbers of participants may be needed to identify genetic markers for diseases linked to a greater number of genes, each exerting a small effect, such as bipolar disorder, or disorders that do not seem to arise from a small number of genetic factors, such as hypertension.

Comments

  • Genes are not the cause
    There was no coronary heart disease in 1900.  The first article in a medical journal was in 1911.  It was so rare that there was no insurance code or government code for it until 1930.

    Crohn's disease is an emotional disease and has been cured with hypnosis.  Schafer DW   Hypnosis and the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.   Am J Clin Hypn. 1997 Oct 40 (2) 111-7.  You can find this on PubMed and several others.  Rheumatoid arthritis is also an emotional disease and has been cured by hypnosis.

    Type two diabetes is a deficiency of chromium and vanadium.  Correct that, and there is no diabetes.  Type 1 has been cured by vanadium as well, reported by a medicinal school in British Columbia.

    Genes are expressed in regard to environment conditions.  There is a gene that can be detected when a person smokes.  But it cannot be detected when they stop smoking.  The same is true for people who drink alcohol.

    Rate this comment: 12345

    TomTom
    06/07/2007
    Posts:29
    Avg Rating:
    2/5
    • Re: Genes are not the cause
      The study missed the genes for madness. But don't worry, those will be found too. Then maybe people like TomTom can look forward to a cure. Hopefully.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      gabrielg01
      06/07/2007
      Posts:396
      Avg Rating:
      3/5
      • Re: Genes are not the cause
        What is the key stroke emoticon for a spit take?
        Rate this comment: 12345

        rglater
        06/07/2007
        Posts:1
      • Re: Genes are not the cause
        Why don't you do some research!  It might give you a new perspective.

        And by the way, almost all mental illness is nutritional deficiencies.  But Big Harma (not a typo) does not want you to know that.  They make too much money doing things they they do.
        Rate this comment: 12345

        TomTom
        06/08/2007
        Posts:29
        Avg Rating:
        2/5
    • Re: Genes are not the cause
      I really suggest when you make stupid comments about genes not being the problem that you don't base your evidence on a single account of an individual being "cured" by some wholistic mean. I'm a type 1 diabetic and I can guarantee you that no suppliment will ever cure me. There has been research into different treatments, like islet cell transplant, but these are controversial and mostly don't work (because the immune system still kills off the new islet cells). Other work has been done, as reported on technology review, by injecting the pancreatic nerves with capsaisin, which overloads the nerves and resets them. In mice this "cures" them temporarily of Diabetes, but no work has been done on humans yet.

      People have said many things about suppliments and foods, like the Kombucha mushroom tea cures, but none of these "cures" have ever been proven to work on everyone. There is no panacea, even in medicine.

      Please stop trying to be smart and disproving real research with your tales of single individuals being miraculously cured. Next we'll start thinking we can have a hand put to our head, say "Praise Jesus," and be cured of our diseases as we fall to the ground!
      Rate this comment: 12345

      Buckwheat469
      06/08/2007
      Posts:33
      Avg Rating:
      3/5
    • Re: Genes are not the cause
      You say "Why don't you do some research for yourself!  I have done mine," but you don't realize why diseases like coronary heart disease and the likes were so rare in the past. Let's think logically about this instead of being sensationalistic - in the 1900's there was not a need to categorize why people over the age of 70 died, they just got old and their bodies shut down. Only the relatively young would have had some sort of autopsy if they lived in a city or near a hospital. Since most of the country was farm land and the nearest cities to people were many miles away this process would not happen very often. Some households probably buried their own family members with very little being said to a doctor.

      As a result of your insistence to do my own research, I have.

      What you said:
      "Type 1 has been cured by vanadium as well, reported by a medicinal school in British Columbia."

      What is actually reported:
      "Early studies showed that vanadium normalized blood glucose levels in animals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. A recent study found that when people with diabetes were given vanadium, they developed a modest increase in insulin sensitivity and were able to decrease their insulin requirements." (http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/alternativetherapies/)

      A normalization and increased sensitivity is not a cure, it is essentially the same effect that Aspirin has on a Diabetic - to help regulate blood sugars.

      Also, your comment about Crohn's disease is absolutely incorrect.

      What you said:
      "Crohn's disease is an emotional disease and has been cured with hypnosis."

      What is actually true:
      "For years, many people have argued that forms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, including Crohn’s Disease, is caused by emotional stress, tension, and anxiety; this, however, is completely inaccurate. While there may be links to emotional stress and Crohn’s Disease, it is not a cause of the disorder." (http://www.buzzle.com/editorials/1-20-2006-86820.asp)

      To counter one more comment - "Genes are expressed in regard to environment conditions" - this is true, as it was reported on TR, but it is a function of a defense mechanism to protect the cells. Sometimes these defenses, if triggered in the right pattern can encode to allow a disease to penetrate, but humans have evolved switches which regulate what happens when we get into various environmental conditions. Why else can we handle Ethyl Alcohol but worms dissolve completely in it?

      Please, TomTom, when you blast people for not doing their research, can you at least do your own and not base your opinion on sensational reports from holistic medical journals that don't do real research?
      Rate this comment: 12345

      Buckwheat469
      06/12/2007
      Posts:33
      Avg Rating:
      3/5
      • Re: Genes are not the cause
        Hi,

        Not only have I done my research, you are citing non-medical journals.  Why don't you check out the "Schafer DW  Hypnosis and the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.  Am J Clin Hypn. 1997 Oct 40 (2) 111-7." 

        I am a hynotherapist, and I have cured a woman of ulcerative colitis which she had for 9 months.  I saw her on Friday, and it was gone on Monday.  I used Schafer's technique, who is a psychiatrist.

        Why don't you check out what's on PubMed?  The article about vanadium is not on PubMed's site.

        You might want to look at an article on Reuters:
        Human instruction book not so simple: studies
        http://www.reuters.com/articlePrint?articleId=USN1338205520070613
        Rate this comment: 12345

        TomTom
        06/13/2007
        Posts:29
        Avg Rating:
        2/5
        • Re: Genes are not the cause
          What you said:
          "You might want to look at an article on Reuters:
          Human instruction book not so simple: studies
          http://www.reuters.com/articlePrint?articleId=USN1338205520070613"

          Where the story actually comes from:
          http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/6749213.stm

          I checked the extra stories at the bottom of TR and found a similar title to the article you linked to, "Human Genome Further Unravelled
          6/14/2007 | via BBC news
          New analysis of the genome could shatter the traditional view of “junk DNA,” long sequences thought to have no purpose. Most junk DNA does seem to be active."

          This story is copyrighted by the BBC, so Reuters is only piecing the story together. In college we would call this plagiarism, but Reuters may have some agreement with the BBC so I'll just liken it to plagiarism by someone.

          I noticed in the Reuters article that it seemed a little chopped, like the writer either didn't know what they were talking about or they cut and pasted the content from somewhere else. Now I know that the latter is true.

          Again, I urge you to do your research and stop using holistic journals, like the "Schafer DW  Hypnosis and the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.  Am J Clin Hypn. 1997 Oct 40 (2) 111-7." I wouldn't exactly call hypnosis a medical practice, more a mental slight of hand, if you will. It's very similar to massages and chiropractic therapy. Neither are medical in nature, but both can be helpful in certain situations. Likewise, they can be harmful if not used properly.
          Rate this comment: 12345

          Buckwheat469
          06/14/2007
          Posts:33
          Avg Rating:
          3/5
          • Re: Genes are not the cause
            You have declared yourself to be a quack.  It was herbalists that created the term to apply to chemical medicine.

            Quack originated during the Renaissance when quicksilver or mercury was a popular remedy for syphilis.  Wandering peddlers known as "quacksalvers" sold mercury ointment.  They would claim that their agents would cure all diseases. 

            Hypnosis can cure an allergy in 45 minutes because it is a conditioned response.  Hypnosis can also cure asthma because it is brought on by "fear breathing".  That pumps carbon dioxide out of the body which causes muscle spasms.  It can also cause heart palpitations.

            A chiropractor cure me of migraines.  Hypnosis can help bones heal up to 50% faster. 

            Schizophrenia has been cured with niacin and vitamin C since 1952.  Abram Hoffer has cured 5000 people, two went on to become psychiatrists themselves.

            You need to do more research before you spout off.
            Rate this comment: 12345

            TomTom
            06/14/2007
            Posts:29
            Avg Rating:
            2/5
  • doing more research
    TomTom,
    I'd appreciate if you could email me pointers to your research. I think you have the right approach, the timeless one in that 'food should be our medicine' and 'medicine should be our food'.
    My home email is: embo@shaw.ca.
    Thanks in advance.
    Rate this comment: 12345

    Em
    06/12/2007
    Posts:10
    Avg Rating:
    3/5
  • whole genome ?
    "scientists are scouring the entire genomes of large numbers of people."

    at 2million dollars each i doubt that they are doing this. i thought the xprize was not yet won. Does the artical mean that whole genome work was done on these thousands of people. ?
    Rate this comment: 12345

    daviest
    06/12/2007
    Posts:5
    • Re: whole genome ?
      They didn't sequence the whole genomes, only scanned for SNPs using microarrays.
      Rate this comment: 12345

      kclgingr
      07/17/2007
      Posts:1

Log In

Forgot your password?     Register »
Advertisement

Videos

Laser-Triggered Chemical Reactions
Advertisement
Advertisement
Advertisement
Subscribe to Technology Review's daily e-mail update. Enter your e-mail address

TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES

More Technology News from Forbes

Advertisement
MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology © 2009 Technology Review. All Rights Reserved.