Anthrax stands apart in the rogue's gallery of bioterror diseases: the bacterial spores that cause it are relatively easy to acquire, mass-produce, and disseminate. They are extraordinarily lethal when inhaled, and antibiotic-resistant strains are easy to make. Moreover, as the five mail-attack deaths grimly demonstrated in 2001, modern medicine is powerless against late-stage anthrax, in which bacterial toxins cause deadly blood poisoning and organ damage.

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