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September 1998

Making Needles Needless

Vaccines of the future are going to come in a remarkable array of forms: nasil sprays, nose drops, flavored liquids, skin patches, even fried food.

By Carol Potera

The jab of the needle is a pain, but it protects us from a multitude of microbes. Children in the United States endure as many as 14 vaccine injections by the time they're 16. Adults are immunized to ward off influenza and tetanus; travelers arm themselves against cholera, typhoid and other diseases.

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