Strongest material: By depressing a sharp diamond probe into graphene until it broke, researchers established that the material is the strongest ever tested. This image, an illustration, shows the atomic structure of graphene, which is one atom thick and made up of carbon and hydrogen arranged in a chicken-wire-like mesh.
Jeffrey Kysar, Columbia University
Graphene, praised for its electrical properties, has been proven the strongest known material.
Materials scientists have been singing graphene's praises since it was first isolated in 2005. The one-atom-thick sheets of carbon conduct electrons better than silicon and have been made into fast, low-power transistors. Now, for the first time, researchers have measured the intrinsic strength of graphene, and they've confirmed it to be the strongest material ever tested. The finding provides good evidence that graphene transistors could take the heat in future ultrafast microprocessors.
Jeffrey Kysar and James Hone, mechanical-engineering professors at Columbia University, tested graphene's strength at the atomic level by measuring the force that it took to break it. They carved one-micrometer-wide holes into a silicon wafer, placed a perfect sample of graphene over each hole, and then indented the graphene with a sharp probe made of diamond. Such measurements had never been taken before because they must be performed on perfect samples of graphene, with no tears or missing atoms, say Kysar and Hone.
Hone compares his test to stretching a piece of plastic wrap over the top of a coffee cup, and measuring the force that it takes to puncture it with a pencil. If he could get a large enough piece of the material to lay over the top of a coffee cup, he says, graphene would be strong enough to support the weight of a car balanced atop the pencil.
It's unlikely that graphene's incredible strength will be put to use in such a task. At the macroscopic level of coffee cups and cars, "any material will be full of cracks and flaws," says Kysar. It's at the level of such cracks and flaws that airplane wings and bridge supports fail. "Only a tiny sample can be perfect and superstrong," says Hone.
IBM has shown graphene could replace other materials in circuits that handle wireless signals.
A novel process yields big pieces of single-ply graphene for smaller, faster electronics.
A simple way to deposit thin films of carbon could lead to cheaper solar cells.
Graphene isn't a one-slice through diamond, although both are very strong carbon bonds. Graphene is one flat layer of hexagon-shaped bonds (like in a bee hive) whereas diamonds follow a tetrahedal pattern (three-cornered pyramid).
One can easier imagine why diamonds should be strong because there are no weak angles - it all consists of perfect triangles (minus impurities).
But why exactly graphene is so strong is beyond me.
Actually The strongest metal known to man is Dragonforce.
Herman Li is a god.
Look it up, you will understand... silly scientists.
Heh, Dragonforce is awesome, but Graphene is not a metal... Sorry to ruin your joke.
The article didn't mention exactly what material property was measured by the researchers, or what was meant by "strength." Yield tensile stress? Ultimate tensile stress? Elastic modulus? How about a numerical value for the quantity?
As a mono-atomic sheet, I'm guessing it's not one of the strongest materials in compression.
I'm not familiar with the exact definition of those metrics, but maybe you can determine what they mean by their analogy of a car balanced atop a pencil balanced on a sheet of graphene stretched over the opening of a coffee cup.
Given by the description, it appears they have conducted something akin to a hardness test (google it). What they are measuring is a relative metric--how much energy it takes to break the material. From this they can compare it to other known thin film materials and interpolate the strength--and other properties--of graphene. This test just gives researchers and manufacturers a ballpark for expected strength of the material. Manufacturers will probably not be making "perfect" graphene anyways.
Aside from balancing cars on pencils on top of coffee cups - what are some practical applications of this stuff?
If's it made of carbon atoms, can we use it to convert GHH's to a super strong product, and use it to sequester Co2 indefintely?
Can we make car bumpers out of it? How about beehives due to it's crystalin structure?
Just Curious
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Scratch that....I just read page two...
The researchers measured graphene's intrinsic strength and elastic properties. Those readers who want the numbers can find them in this Science paper: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/321/5887/385
If graphene is stronger than nanotubes, it can be a candidate material for space elevator tethers. Made into a hose shape, it could be used to squirt air into space at modest rates, enlarging the cooling area, so cooled air comes back down from space. So the carbon is sequestered, the space elevator makes space travel cheap, and global warming is cooled all in one project.
Wouldn't the air escaping from Earth make a farting sound and cause the planet to fly around erratically - just like toy balloons?
(Sorry - that image just got stuck in my head (I couldn't resist))
Except you. And you can't leave the room or roll the window down to escape.
Is it as strong as spiderweb silk? Now that's a well-designed material & production facility. Hopefully with lots of smart hard-working people we can match it someday.
The strongest material in the known universe are the 'PRIMS' in Second Life. A 4096 meter long prim, cannot be measurably deflected even if supporting the equivalent of a battle ship at its center. Now that! is strong!
Manufacturing in the United States is in trouble. That's bad news not just for the country's economy but for the future of innovation.
This document is part of the “How-To Guide for Most Common Measurements” centralized resource portal. This tutorial provides a detailed guide for measurement and device considerations to take temperature measurements using thermocouples. Get an introduction to thermocouples, which are inexpensive sensing devices widely used with PC-based data acquisition systems. Also review some specific thermocouple examples and learn how thermocouples work and ways to integrate them into a data acquisition measurement system.
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Guest (dib)
Graphene strength
It's just a 1-atom slice thru a diamond, yes? You'd expect it to be strong, no?
dib
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