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Thursday, February 08, 2007

Printing without Ink

Startup ZINK Imaging is giving inkless printing a new look.

By Kate Greene

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This Bluetooth-enabled printer could be used to print pictures captured on mobile phones. This printer is one of two ZINK-enabled devices that the company expects to make available by the end of the year.
Credit: Zink
Multimedia
•  Watch the photo paper’s crystals change colors

Last week, a number of new technologies were announced at DEMO, a conference in Palm Desert, CA, where startups are unveiled. One company, called ZINK Imaging, impressed the media by offering a new way to print pictures without ink. By rethinking printing, ZINK, a spinoff of Polaroid, claims it can make ultraportable printers that can fit in a human hand or be integrated into digital cameras and cell phones.

The company's trick is to use a novel type of photo paper that changes color when heat is applied, says Steve Herchen, chief technology officer at ZINK. "It's the first new printing technology for digital printing that's come along in more than a decade," he says. There are a number of benefits that come with the new technology that aren't available with today's portable printers, he adds. At the top of his list is not worrying about running out of ink. People would still need to buy special photo paper, but the goal is to make this paper, which is expected to cost from 20 to 25 cents, ubiquitous.

Another benefit that comes out of the new printing approach, Herchen says, is technologists' ability to make the printer small enough to embed in portable gadgets. "If you look at any printer that prints with ink, you'd see that a fair amount of space is taken up by ink cartridges, ink ribbons, and the mechanisms to manage them," he says. With the ZINK printers, all of that bulk can be eliminated.

Historically, printing has been divided into several camps. Many home-office printers are inkjet, a relatively inexpensive technology that squirts ink from cartridges directly onto paper. More expensive laser printers use another approach that creates images using electrically charged colored powder, called toner. The third technology is called thermal printing. The most common type of thermal transfer printing uses a ribbon, similar to that in a typewriter, says Eric Hanson, manager of marking technology at Hewlett Packard Labs, in Palo Alto, CA. The ribbon is pressed to the paper, then heat is applied with a thermal printhead to transfer color. "Essentially, there's a color that can be vaporized from a ribbon and stick to paper that's designed for those dyes to stick to them," Hanson says. An example of this technology is found in Kodak's Easy Share Camera and Printer.

ZINK's printing technology is a first cousin of these traditional thermal printers. In fact, the company uses a thermal printhead similar to what's on the market today. "The printheads aren't unique to ZINK," says Herchen. "The technology to drive them is well-known. However, we've adapted them in a special way so that heat can be applied to ZINK media." Unlike the existing technologies that use thermal printheads to transfer color to paper, the new media has the color embedded in it, in the form of dye crystals that are clear at room temperature. The thermal printheads have been modified to selectively bring out the color in the dye crystals.

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Comments

  • WOW!!!!  Wait...a thermal printer?
    oconnmic on 02/08/2007 at 7:07 AM
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    Gee, who would have thunk it, they reinvented thermal paper.  Remember that technology?

    The printer was small and light weight but the paper was outrageously expensive and had a shelf life of a couple of years if you used it or not.  Open a box of old paper and it was all brown. 

    No one would use it for anything permanent like files or legal records.  You couldn't leave it on your desk or it would fade away from the flourscent lights (forget sunlight or putting it on the wall in a frame). Even if you put it in a file at normal room temperature it became unreadable in a few years or disappeared completely.

    Maybe they fixed all that. 
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • Only three kinds of printing?
    DonAndrews on 02/08/2007 at 8:53 AM
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    What about Dye Sublimation?

    The Samsung SPP-2040, or Canon's line of CP- printers do amazing jobs of printing high-quality photos.
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • Yes, but how long will the picture last?
    anymoore on 02/08/2007 at 10:19 AM
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    If all of the "ink" is embedded in the paper, then what happens if you leave your paper in a hot car for a few days?
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Re: Yes, but how long will the picture last?
      grausc01 on 02/14/2007 at 10:29 AM
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      If you read the package for any film/electronics product it tells you never to store it in an overheated environment.  Of course it will fall apart.  Would you leave rolls of film in a hot car for a week?  Your digital camera?  CD-Rs aren't even supposed to be stored in hot cars, but we do it any way.  Just think.
      Rate this comment: 12345
  • Put this printer into laptops
    gabrielg01 on 02/08/2007 at 4:00 PM
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    I think that embedding such a printer into a  laptop may be more useful. One could print out drafts for easier reviewing - and we wouldn't need to worry too much about print quality either.
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • still begging the wrong question
    mbloore on 02/09/2007 at 11:51 AM
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    that's two tech review articles i've read in one day that mis-use "beg the question".  tsk.
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • What About Black Only?
    atomicmike on 02/12/2007 at 12:49 AM
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    I would be happy to have a printer for text and black and white images that used regular copy paper or notebook paper. Most of my printing does not require color.
    Couldn't an image be lightly burned onto normal paper, not enough to make a hole, just to char the surface and turn it black? If not burning, then some other method of changing the color of normal paper molecules without using inks?
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Re: What About Black Only?
      grausc01 on 02/14/2007 at 10:33 AM
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      Charring would not really be an option, because reaching levels that can actually burn paper would probably not be a good idea.  However, I'm not printer expert.  But, I do agree that a B&W only option would be excellent for creating drafts that need to be developed on the spot, but then again, that is what thermal printers do for things like electronic parking ticket machines.
      Rate this comment: 12345
  • Polaroid and Art
    grausc01 on 02/14/2007 at 10:40 AM
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    First, Polaroid tried something like this (quick photos) and developed a printer that utilized their standard polaroid film stock.  It would flash the digital image directly onto the stock and then pop out the image.  This never caught on, but I still think it's cool.

    Second, regardless of how long these things last, I think that this will be a great invovation for social art.  Andy Warhol used Polaroids.  What will a new artist do with Zink?  (I must mention that the Warhol Polaroids are still able to be viewed.  Who knows how long Zink will last.)  Perhaps our belief that art should last forever is too contemporary.  The Japanese used to create art on materials that would degrade over time as the image was meant to be natural and eventually return from whence it came.  Perhaps this is a belief of a by-gone era.
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • Printing a ripoff
    jmaximus9 on 03/04/2007 at 2:00 AM
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    Why does $.02 cents of ink cost $30.00? The whole industry is crooked.  My old ribbon based printer could print thousands of pages before it needed a new ribbon.  Now some $30.oo black ink cartage is lucky to print a hundred pages before running out.  This is Moores Law in reverse.
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Re: Printing a ripoff
      carlii on 06/14/2007 at 12:24 AM
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      The printing industry is optimizing their profits per page.  This does have the greening effect of keeping us from printing too much.
      Rate this comment: 12345
  • ZINK
    OKIMAN13 on 09/29/2007 at 7:42 AM
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    I have been a technician in the graphic arts industry for 32 years, and I am fascinated by this idea and the potential for its technology.
    Rate this comment: 12345
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