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Thursday, March 09, 2006

Cheap Hydrogen Fuel

Continued from page 1

By David Talbot

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GE has demonstrated the technology in a prototype, and is now building a larger production module -- one that can produce 1 kilogram of hydrogen per hour -- for testing in its labs later this year. A machine of that scale could be attached to small electricity sources to produce hydrogen on the side. The technology also has the potential to be massively scaled up to create a hydrogen gas station.

GE's new electrolyzer could be ready for production in a few years. "You can talk about transitioning to a hydrogen economy, but really these things don't move unless the economics are there," Bourgeois says. "This takes enough capital cost out of the whole electrolyzer system, so when you buy this and amortize it over so many years, you compete with gasoline."

Paul Bakke, an electrical engineer and program manager at the U.S. Department of Energy in Golden, CO, says a cheap electrolyzer could be a key component of the future hydrogen economy. "As far as I know, GE is the only one who has tried to tackle this problem," he says. "Assuming GE is successful in being able to produce these things with a high level of reliability and low cost, it will break through the barrier that has traditionally been there for electrolyzers -- namely, the capital cost barrier."

Bakke adds: "I would say it's an important piece; it may not be the only way to make hydrogen, but it's an important piece. Natural-gas reforming may be a near-term bridge, but in order to get away from the environmental concerns, we will have to go to electrolysis, derived from wind turbines and solar panels and so forth."

Home page image courtesy of GE. GE's bench-top electrolyzer prototype for hydrogen production

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Comments

  • What about the cost of the electricity?
    Guest (Paul Holister) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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    1
    Presumably, the $3 a kilo needs to be added on to the cost of generating the electricity, which paints quite a different picture.
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Technology Breakthroughs
      Guest (Gary Beach) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      Reduction in cost from $8/kilo to $3/kilo is a tremendous step forward!  Kudos to GE for having the courage to address these fundamental issues of technology and economics.
      Rate this comment: 12345
    • Cost of electricity to get cheap H2
      Guest (MurMac) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      1
      GE's website has a link to a pdf document that discusses its attempts to use solar energy and says it hopes for competitive costs by 2015 or 2020

      http://www.crd.ge.com/04_media/news/20041117_hydrogen.shtml
      Rate this comment: 12345
    • G.E.'s Spray Coating Process
      Guest (Neil Brosnahan) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      1
      These guys should be talking to the Lithium Ion battery guys.
      Rate this comment: 12345
    • End to End Cost
      Guest (B. K. Richard) on 03/11/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      1
      It seems that there is an efficiency advantage of using local DC current (e.g. from solar).  Hydrogen production could act like a storage system (energy used when sun is not shining).  How does a full "energy system" pencil out (PV, electrolysis, fuel cell)?
      Rate this comment: 12345
    • Cost of electricity
      Guest (Ron Wagner) on 03/13/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      1
      New technologies can cheaply make electricity. The problem is storing it. By storing it in a hydride slurry, it can be used as needed to make electricity. The slurry can be used as a liquid that can be pumped like gasoline. The slurry is reprocessed. All you need a wind turbine, a biomass powered turbine generator, solar cells, wave power, etc.

      We need congressional leadership to help make this happen asap. Unfortunately it will probably happen in Japan first.

      All the best,

      Ron Wagner
      Rate this comment: 12345
    • Re: What about the cost of the electricity?
      dukieh on 03/08/2008 at 11:54 AM
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      1/5
      If you built a 250 megewatt power plant and used some of the 250 megawatts to make hydrogen to burn to power the plant to produce electricity, (instead of buying coal or natural gas), how many megawatts would you need to use to make enough hydrogen to produce a 250 megawatt output? 
      Rate this comment: 12345
  • Help with making the comparison
    Guest (Peter Jacobs) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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    It would be nice if the article gave some easier (and perhaps more useful) comparisons.  Comparison on the basis of weight of fuel I think is not the best way to consider these things.

    For instance 1 kg H2 gives 143 KJ heat of combustion (I will ignore the fact that a fuel cell does not "combust" to do PV work like and car engine.)

    1 kg gasoline gives ~ 45 KJ heat of combustion.

    Some better ways to make a comparison might be.

    What is the capital cost of the electrolyzer in $/Watt?

    What is the efficiency of the electrolyzer in (Joules/Joule)?
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Re: Help with making the comparison
      Guest (Ian) on 03/12/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      If you consider the density of gasoline versus the density of hydrogen and you will see that the difference is quite significant.  The energy density is much higher for gasoline.  For a usable hydrogen-powered car, the research into compression and storage of high-pressure hydrogen must improve considerably.  The heat of combustion per kg is pretty much irrelevant
      Rate this comment: 12345
  • Will it work in Nevada?
    Guest (Orin Laney) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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    1
    Has this been tested only with reagent grade water, or has this been succesful with the hard water found in much of the country?  The economics won't work if the gadget lifetime goes to heck if lousy tap water is all you have.
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Cheap H2
      Guest (Fred Stone) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      1
      This seems more like an Investor Relations story that a true technical advancement.
      Rate this comment: 12345
      • correct
        Guest (Peter) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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        1
        Mr. Stone, notice that the article is in the "Biztech" section. that's probably a good place for an "investor relations" article... don't you think?
        Rate this comment: 12345
  • H2A Pricing
    Guest (Ted) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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    1
    The DOE's H2A model currently pricesing hydrogen from electrolysis at $5.88/kg at the forecourt.
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • H2A Pricing
      Guest (Rick) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      A Honda FCX Concept can travel 350 miles on 5 kg's of hydrogen.
      Rate this comment: 12345
      • hydrogen on the cheap
        Guest (Vladimir Tikal) on 05/21/2006 at 12:00 AM
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        70 miles per kg = $ 3.00 = 4.3 cents per mile. We all should by GE shares
        Rate this comment: 12345
    • H2A Pricing
      Guest (Rick) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      A Honda Accord V6 travels 354 miles on 17.1 gallons of gasoline.
      Rate this comment: 12345
    • H2A Pricing
      Guest (Rick) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      A Honda Accord V6 is a similarly sized and powered as compared to the Honda FCX Concept.  Which is cheaper to drive even at the H2A forecourt price (which assumes 100% financing of capital costs)?
      Rate this comment: 12345
    • H2A Pricing
      Guest (Rick) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      1
      An answer can be found here:
      http://tinyurl.com/qpgjz
      Rate this comment: 12345
  • GE Going Green?
    Guest (MurMac) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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    1
    GE is claiming that it is "Going Green". Maybe so . . . as Willie Sutton the bank robber said when asked why he robbed banks, 'because that's where the money is'. Green is where the money is if done right. However, many companies have gone down the green drain. Perhaps GE is big enough to pull it off.
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Going, Going, GrEen.
      Guest (Steve Koelzer) on 03/11/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      1
      We’re gonna pay for Cheap H2 one way r’nother. Capital cost barrier or no, electrolytic hydrogen still comes from coal-fired power plants.  So, the borrowed spray-coating process from FCT, LLC is probably plasma or e-gun.  "el Cheapo"could be farmed south using oxy-acetylene flamespray, or even electrostatic spray‘n bake.  We already have ($$$) reverse PEMs pressurizing H2 to kPSIs from solar electricity-just add water! You could even get oxygen as a bonus from/for (radioactive) coal dust. Call me old fashioned but I still prefer the surface science approach to the burning bush: primary current calculations, microfabrication & combinatorial nanosynthesis.  Works wonders.
      Rate this comment: 12345
      • Re: Going, Going, GrEen.
        chuckg on 10/25/2006 at 2:33 PM
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        1
        Avg Rating:
        5/5
        Steve, can you please e-mail me. We have some very similar thoughts on this. cg@localsurfer.com

        Chuck
        Rate this comment: 12345
  • capital cost
    Guest (RAJA) on 03/09/2006 at 12:00 AM
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    1
    what is the capital cost for a plant of capacity 100 m3/day of hydrogen?
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Going off the grid
      Guest (Blake) on 03/13/2006 at 12:00 AM
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      1
      Wouldn't it be neat to set one of these up with your own wind/solar power and take your car "off the grid"?? It would be nice even if the strict economics don't work out in your favor... Also this could change the whole mad max scenario.
      Rate this comment: 12345
  • waste O2
    Guest (michael) on 03/13/2006 at 12:00 AM
    Posts:
    1
    what happens to the waste oxygen produced. can it be easily collected and used to offset cost of production of H2?
    Rate this comment: 12345
    • Great for Co-gen
      Guest (KPerry) on 05/18/2006 at 12:00 AM
      Posts:
      1
      IGCC plants could use the pure O2 to significantly reduce NOx coming from waste heat boiler. Co-location / integration really needs to be considered in terms of leveraging these products.
      Rate this comment: 12345
  • V2O5 in Hydrogen Electrolyzer
    Guest (Juan Hernandez) on 06/24/2006 at 12:00 AM
    Posts:
    1
    What is the use of Vanadium Pentoxide in Hydrogen Electrolyzers?
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • What about hydrogen in hoverboard
    afiarafiq on 04/07/2007 at 8:48 AM
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    10
    Avg Rating:
    3/5
    Its quiet interesting to read about hydrogen fuel. I was wondering if it could be helpful in making objects hover e.g. the hoverboard recently launched by Arbortech by the name of AIRBOARD (http://www.airboard.com.au/). I will be really grateful if you could comment on that. Thank you :)How could it affect its performance in terms of fuel-efficiency and thurst. Whic one would be better gasoline or hydrogen .
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • Separator
    wim on 08/20/2007 at 8:22 AM
    Posts:
    1
    Which (cheap) separator do you use?
    What will be working temperature?
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • hydrogen fuel development?
    fracasbtech on 07/02/2008 at 11:27 AM
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    1
    July 2, 2008

         While the technology is new, I feel and think that I must ask why the cost of hydrogen fuel sale is comparable to premium fuel

    <http://articles.directorym.net/Cheap_Hydrogen_Fuel_Los_Angeles_CA-r868701-Los_Angeles_CA.html>.

         Wasn’t part of the plan to begin finding cheaper and environmentally cleaner ways to fuel our vehicles? Is the expensive cost really doing us any good as drivers? Any future predictions? Thank you!
    Rate this comment: 12345
  • Where to buy electrolyzer
    DKMcCann on 07/26/2008 at 10:04 AM
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    1
    The article is dated March 9, 2006.  And states GE's new electrolyzer could be ready for production in a few years.  At the end of the articale was - Home page image courtesy of GE. GE's bench-top electrolyzer prototype for hydrogen production.  Could not find anything.  I am writing this July 26, 2008.  Where can I buy a bench top electrolyzer for experiments?

    Thanks, Dennis
    Rate this comment: 12345
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