For several years, clinicians and computer scientists in the U.S. and abroad have been trying to improve cancer care--from diagnosis to treatment--by building vast, interconnected databases full of patient information. They call these repositories "medical grids" and envision the day when a physician in Strasbourg or New Delhi can see, for example, that an indecipherable image of a patient's lung is very similar to that of a San Francisco patient, whose case history could inform the decision to perform a biopsy.

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